![]() It can then be said that there are two translations of aru/iru – ‘to be’ and ‘to have’. The use of musuko with aru, however, is allowed, as some kinship terms may use the ‘animacy-insensitive’ form of aru. Sentence (8) is semantically incorrect, as aru is used in reference to an animate object. In order to reach the translation ‘to have’, Tsujioka presents these two examples: So at first, the translation for (7) may be considered ‘a car is at John/in John’s presence’. To arrive at this translation, the particle ni is read, in this context, as ‘in/at’, the place where something is at the present. When the verb is used following an object marked with ga and a subject marked with ni (に), the translation becomes ‘to have’. Iru is always used in reference to an animate subject or object, and aru always refers to an object or subject that is inanimate Iru (いる) and aru (ある) are the present/future ‘plain’ form of the verb translated as ‘to be/exist’. Possessor Subject-marker Possessee Object-marker Verb-te iru The sentence structure to be used when using shyoyuusuru and motsu to describe possession is This form indicates a continuous state of being – ‘I have, and I continue to have…’ In order to do this, as seen in (1) and (2), the verb must be changed into its –te form and have the verb ‘to be (animate)’ – iru (いる) attached. There is no verbal conjugation which translates as ‘I will do this.’ The ‘plain’ form of the verbs shoyuusuru and motsu cannot be used to express present states. ![]() Japanese verbs do not recognise the difference between present and future form. ジョンさんが車を所有している John-san ga kuruma wo shoyuushite iru: "John has a car" (lit.The possessor noun phrase is the subject, as indicated by the particle ga (が), and the possessee noun phrase is the object, which is indicated by the particle o (を). The possessee may be human/animate but must be controllable, for example, a possessee cannot be a father/mother and such. Shoyuusuru is considered a formal term, used in reference to possessions with legal certification such as cars, in comparison to the native Japanese counterpart motsu (持つ), generally meaning ‘to come to have/own/possess’.īoth motsu and shoyuusuru require animate possessors and controllable alienable possessees. ![]() The verb ‘to come to possess/own’, shoyuusuru, is formed in this manner. In Japanese, nouns, mainly those of Chinese origin, may attach themselves to the verb suru (する), ‘to do’, to form a compound verb. It translates as ‘the state of possession’ or ‘ownership’. Shoyuu (所有) is a Japanese noun of Sino-Japanese origin. An alternative is the use of the particle no (の) between two nouns or noun phrases. There are several "verbal possessive" forms based on verbs with the sense of "to possess" or "to have" or "to own". The Japanese language has different ways of expressing the possessive relation.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |